Its main function is maintaining coordination throughout the body. The cerebellum is located underneath the backside of the cerebrum, and governs balance and fine motor movements. – the temporal lobe, which controls hearing and some other speech functions. – the occipital lobe, which controls vision – the parietal lobe, which controls somatic or voluntary sensory functions – the frontal lobe, which controls specialized motor control, learning, planning, and speech Each of these hemispheres is divided into four separate lobes: It is comprised of two hemispheres, each controlling the opposite side of the body. The cerebrum, or the top portion for the brain, is the seat of higher-level thought. It houses the nerve centers responsible for coordinating sensory and motor systems in the body. The brain is found in the cranial cavity and consists of the cerebrum and cerebellum. The central nervous system: The three major components of the central nervous system: 1) the brain, 2) brain stem, and 3) spinal cord. The CNS is comprised of the brain, brain stem, and spinal cord. Thus, the CNS is commonly thought of as the control center of the body. The CNS regulates everything from organ function to high-level thought to purposeful body movement. During this step in the process, the brain and spinal cord decide on appropriate motor output, which is computed based on the type of sensory input. The CNS is mainly devoted to the “information synthesizing” function. The nervous system has three main functions: gathering sensory information from external stimuli, synthesizing that information, and responding to those stimuli. The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements such as those in the skin, bones, joints, and skeletal muscles. The autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary actions such as internal-organ function and blood-vessel movement. The PNS can be further subdivided into the autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system. It is comprised of sensory receptors, which process changes in internal and external stimuli and communicate that information to the CNS. The peripheral nervous system includes a large system of nerves that are linked to the brain and spinal cord. It synthesizes sensory input to compute an appropriate motor response, or output. The main function of the CNS is the integration and processing of sensory information. The brain is the body’s main control center. The central nervous system includes the spinal cord and the brain. The nervous system can be divided into two major parts-the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The human nervous system: The nervous system of the human body, including the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system) and all the nerves of the body (peripheral nervous system).
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